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原油脱水高效破乳剂的筛选与复配研究
Research on the Screening and Blending of High-Efficiency Demulsifiers for Crude Oil Dehydration
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- DOI:
- 作者:
- 张向红，常新明，吴艳青，尹凯全，刘成龙
Zhang Xianghong, Chang Xinming, Wu Yanqing, Yin Kaiquan, Liu Chenglong
- 作者单位:
- 德仕能源科技集团股份有限公司
(DeSHI Energy Technology Group Co., Ltd
- 关键词:
- 破乳剂；中间层；破乳速度；渗透性；筛选；复配
Demulsifier; intermediate layer; demulsification rate; permeability; screening; blending
- 摘要:
- 原油破乳脱水是石油开采加工的关键环节，三次采油技术的广泛应用使采出液成分复杂化，破乳过程中出现的高稳定性中间层成为原油脱水联合站稳定运行的技术难题。研究以化学破乳法为核心，针对某联合站破乳剂效果不佳、中间层过厚的问题，开展了高效破乳剂筛选与复配研究。筛选不同结构聚醚破乳剂为主剂，筛选十六烷基三甲基溴化铵阳离子化合物等为辅剂，选择异辛醇、甲醇等溶剂进行复配。结果表明：PR-A754与十六烷基三甲基溴化铵复配、以异辛醇与水为溶剂的复配体系破乳效果最优，脱水率最终提高到95.5%、中间层厚度最低降至1 mL，且大幅加快了脱水速率。The demulsification and desalination of crude oil is a crucial step in the extraction and processing of petroleum. Thewidespread application of tertiary oil recovery technology has complicated the composition of the extracted fluids, and the high-sta⁃bility intermediate layer that forms during the demulsification process has become a technical challenge for the stable operation ofcrude oil desalination joint plants. The research focused on chemical demulsification methods and aimed to address issues such aspoor demulsifier performance and excessive thickness of the intermediate layer in a specific joint plant. Efforts were made to selectefficient demulsifiers and formulate combinations thereof. Different structures of polyether demulsifiers were selected as the mainagents, while cationic compounds such as hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide were chosen as auxiliary agents. Solvents like isooctanol and methanol were used for formulation. The results showed that the demulsification effect of the PR-A754 compound whencombined with hexadecyl trimethylammonium bromide and formulated with iso-octanol and water as solvents was optimal, achievinga final desalination rate of 95.5% and a minimum intermediate layer thickness of 1 mL. Additionally, the desalination rate was sig⁃nificantly accelerated.