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淀粉基水凝胶的制备及其在盐碱环境中的应用
Preparation and Application of Corn Starch-based Hydrogel in Saline-Alkali Environment
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- DOI:
- 作者:
- 车春波，左金龙，李俊生，余珺如，刘雨晴
Che Chunbo, Zuo Jinlong, Li Junsheng, Yu Junru, Liu Yuqing
- 作者单位:
- 哈尔滨商业大学食品工程学院
College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce
- 关键词:
- 玉米淀粉基水凝胶；盐碱环境；溶胀性能；保水能力；尿素缓释
corn starch-based hydrogel; saline-alkali environment; swelling property; water retention capacity; urea slow release
- 摘要:
- 为解决盐碱地保水差、养分易流失的问题，以玉米淀粉（CS）、丙烯酰胺（AM）为原料，蒙脱土（MMT）为改性剂，尿素为功能成分，通过溶液聚合法制备玉米淀粉基水凝胶。采用 FTIR、SEM表征其结构与形貌，在pH为9、NaCl为1.0%的盐碱介质中测试其溶胀、保水及尿素缓释性能。结果表明，水凝胶为片层状多孔网格结构，添加蒙脱土的③号水凝胶兼具溶胀能力优良与结构稳定；水凝胶的溶胀过程符合拟2级动力学模型，理论平衡溶胀度达到9.42 g/g，扩散机理为non-Fickian扩散；水凝胶在盐碱环境中表现出稳定的高溶胀与保水性能，且能通过溶胀—扩散—阻控实现尿素长效缓释。To address the problems of poor water retention and easy nutrient loss in saline-alkali soil, a corn starch-based hydrogelwas prepared via solution polymerization using corn starch (CS) and acrylamide (AM) as raw materials, montmorillonite (MMT) as amodifier, and urea as a functional component. The structure and morphology of the hydrogel were characterized by Fourier transforminfrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Its swelling, water retention, and urea slow-releaseproperties were tested in a saline-alkali medium with pH 9 and 1.0% NaCl. The results showed that the hydrogel possessed alamellar porous network structure. The hydrogel No.③ with montmorillonite modification exhibited both excellent swelling capacityand structural stability. The swelling process of the hydrogel fitted the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, with a theoreticalequilibrium swelling degree of 9.42 g / g, and the diffusion mechanism conformed to non-Fickian diffusion. The hydrogeldemonstrated stable high swelling and water retention performance in saline-alkali environments, and could achieve long-term slowrelease of urea through the swelling-diffusion-blocking mechanism.