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KSY装置气化炉循环流化中断原因及处理
Causes and Handling of Circulating Fluidization Interruption in KSY Device Gasifier
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- DOI:
- 作者:
- 张启科1，张 骏2，毛吉会1
Zhang Qike 1, Zhang Jun 2, Mao Jihui 1
- 作者单位:
- 1.延长石油（集团）西北化工研究院有限公司；2.上海宝能昆仑能源有限公司
1. Northwest Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.; 2. Shanghai Baoneng Kunlun Energy Co., Ltd.
- 关键词:
- 气化炉；循环流化；中断现象；原因分析；处理
gasifier; circulating fluidization; interruption phenomenon; cause analysis; handling
- 摘要:
- 摘要：KSY煤气化技术是 1种先进的循环流化床气化技术，其核心反应器气化炉具有更大的循环比，更高的气速以及提升管密度，循环流化的 稳定控制是保证气化炉温度、压降、压差均匀分布的重要前提。在中试装置的基础上，针对KSY装置第5次试车中出现的循环流化突然中断 的现象，通过对上述气化炉稳定热态升温以及流化中止前后时间段的压差、压力、温度、气量、气速等数据进行梳理，分析该问题出现的现象 及原因，提出处理措施。结果表明，在固体物料循环流化过程中，松动气能够有效促进物料的循环，减小甚至消除流化固定区；适宜的松动气量带来的高速 射流可以有效的破碎聚团，避免局部物料形成聚团堆积，在循环返料通道中形成稳定循环；由于1级旋风分离器锥部立管至循环密封罐底部 流化氮气量偏小，随着气化炉温度升高固体流动粘滞度增大，1级旋风分离器立管处固体物料循环量逐渐减小，局部出现固体颗粒堆积甚至团聚情况；流化中止前立管压差PDI-14010由14.2 kPa增至44.2 kPa，由压差计算，该段物料密度从320 kg/m³升高至1 005 kg/m³，最终床层从流化床转变为固定床，气化炉循环流化中断，从而出现气化炉压差、温度的突变现象。
Abstract : The KSY coal gasification technology is an advanced circulating fluidized bed gasification technology. Its core reactor,the gasifier, features a higher circulation ratio, higher gas velocity, and higher riser density. The stable control of circulatingfluidization is a crucial prerequisite for ensuring the uniform distribution of temperature, pressure drop, and pressure difference inthe gasifier. Based on the pilot plant, this paper focuses on the phenomenon of sudden interruption of circulating fluidization thathas occurred in previous commissioning processes of the KSY device. By sorting out data such as pressure difference, pressure,temperature, gas volume, and gas velocity during the stable hot-state temperature rise of the above-mentioned gasifier and in thetime periods before and after fluidization interruption, the paper analyzes the phenomenon and causes of this problem, and proposeshandling measures to prevent the occurrence of circulating fluidization interruption. The results show that: in the process ofcirculating fluidization of solid materials, an appropriate amount of fluidizing gas can effectively promote the circulation of materialsand reduce or even eliminate the fluidization fixed zone; the high-velocity jet flow generated by an appropriate amount ofmulti-stream fluidizing gas and a suitable gas flow velocity can effectively break up agglomerates, avoid the formation of agglomeratedaccumulation of local materials, and form stable circulation in the circulating return channel; due to the insufficient volume offluidizing nitrogen from the cone standpipe of the primary cyclone separator to the bottom of the circulating seal tank, the solid flowviscosity increases as the gasifier temperature rises, leading to a gradual decrease in the circulation volume of solid materials at thestandpipe of the primary cyclone separator, and the occurrence of local solid particle accumulation or even agglomeration; before thefluidization interruption, the pressure difference PDI-14010 of the standpipe increases from 14.2 kPa to 44.2 kPa. Calculated basedon the pressure difference, the material density in this section rises from 320 kg/m³ to 1 005 kg/m³. Finally, the bed changes from afluidized bed to a fixed bed, resulting in the interruption of the gasifier's circulating fluidization and thus the sudden changes in thegasifier's pressure difference and temperature.