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重质原油脉冲电脱盐技术研究
Research on Pulse Electric Desalination Technology for Heavy Crude Oil
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- DOI:
- 作者:
- 鄂宇恒，王路海
E Yuheng, Wang Luhai
- 作者单位:
- （中国石油石油化工研究院，北京 102200）
(PetroChina Petrochemical Research Institute, Beijing 102200, china)
- 关键词:
- 重质原油；脉冲；电脱盐；工艺条件；电场参数
heavy crude oil; pulse; electric desalination; process conditions; electric field parameters
- 摘要:
- 摘要：为解决海外重质原油电脱盐存在的难题，采用动态脉冲电脱盐实验装置开展研究。首先从机理上分析了重质原油电脱盐的难点，并提出解决思路。对多种海外重质原油进行了性质分析，并考察了原油密度、粘度、盐含量、水含量对电脱盐效果的影响，发现重质原油的电脱盐难度远高于轻质原油。对脉冲电脱盐的工艺条件（温度、压力、混合强度、注水量、破乳剂用量）和电场参数（电场强度、占空比、脉冲频率）进行影响规律的考察和优化，得到适合于 Y原油最佳的工艺参数组合，并开展了中试验证实验。结果表明，在小试优化得到的条件基础上，中试实验具有较好的脱盐效果，对于含盐量高达305.38 mg/L的Y原油而言，两级电脱盐后盐含量小于 2 mg/L，1级、2级排水含油量均<100 mg/L，充分说明脉冲电脱盐技术适于加工海外重质原油，具有较好的脱盐效果。Abstract: In order to solve the problems of electric desalination of heavy crude oil overseas, a dynamic pulse electric desalinationexperimental device was used for research. Firstly, analyze the difficulties of electric desalination of heavy crude oil from amechanistic perspective and propose solutions. Conduct property analysis on various overseas heavy crude oils. After examining theeffects of crude oil density, viscosity, salt content, and water content on the electric desalination efficiency, it was found that thedifficulty of electric desalination for heavy crude oil is much higher than that for light crude oil. Subsequently, the processconditions of pulse electric desalination (temperature, pressure, mixing strength, water injection volume, demulsifier dosage) andelectric field parameters (electric field strength, duty cycle, pulse frequency) were investigated and optimized to obtain the optimalcombination of process parameters suitable for crude oil Y, and pilot verification experiments were conducted. The results showedthat, based on the optimized conditions obtained from the small-scale experiment, the pilot experiment had a good desalinationeffect. For Y crude oil with a salt content of up to 305.38 mg/L, the salt content after two-stage electric desalination was less than2 mg/L, and the oil content in the first and second stage drainage was both less than 100 mg/L. This fully demonstrates that thecharacteristics of pulse electric desalination can be suitable for processing heavy crude oil and achieve good desalination effect.