天然气计量误差分析及能量计量必要性研究
Natural Gas Measurement Error Analysis and Energy Measurement Necessity Study
马钢,李俊飞,戴政,段远望，张帅
作者单位：1．西安石油大学 石油工程学院 西安 710065；2．中国石油天然气管道局 廊坊 065000
中文关键字：天然气；计量误差；计量方式；能量计量；必要性
英文关键字：natural gas; measurement error; measurement method; energy measurement; necessity
中文摘要：天然气计量将直接关系到天然气贸易的公平性，因此，天然气计量技术的研究十分重要。针对天然气计量过程中的误差问题，首先对目前最常见的计量方式进行介绍分析，对计量方式进行多方位对比，深入分析天然气计量过程中误差产生的原因，根据我国的实际情况，提出我国天然气采用能量计量方式的必要性，为保障天然气贸易的公平性奠定基础。研究表明：目前常见的计量方式有体积计量、质量计量以及能量计量，我国普遍采用的是体积计量方式，但是由于仪表问题、气质问题、使用条件问题以及管道内壁粗糙度等原因的存在，使得计量过程容易产生误差，为了促进贸易公平、推动我国天然气国际贸易的发展，十分有必要在我国推行能量计量方法。
英文摘要：Natural gas metering will be directly related to the fairness of natural gas trade. Therefore, research on natural gas metering technology is very important. In view of the error in the natural gas measurement process, the most common measurement methods are introduced and analyzed, and the measurement methods are compared in multiple directions. The causes of errors in the natural gas measurement process are analyzed in depth. According to the actual situation in China, the adoption of natural gas in China is proposed. The necessity of energy measurement methods lays the foundation for ensuring the fairness of natural gas trade. Research shows that the current common measurement methods include volume measurement, mass measurement and energy measurement. The volume measurement method is widely used in China, but due to the problems of instrumentation, temperament, use conditions and roughness of the inner wall of the pipe, the measurement is made. The process is prone to errors. In order to promote trade fairness and promote the development of China's natural gas international trade, it is necessary to implement energy measurement methods in China.